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Company History
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Difinition
Mashhad’s drinking water is provided by internal
sources of Mashhad’s plain. Almost 85% of it is provided by the deep
wells, some of which are located in city limits and the rest outside
city limits. The five calcareous wells on the lower part of Kardeh
Dam are also considered outside city limits.
Moreover, Kardeh
and Torogh dams and also a calcareous spring in Androkh on the lower
parts of Kardeh dam provide Mashhad’s drinking water.
Out of the
mentioned sources, waters from Kardeh and Torogh dams, alone,
provide us annually with 20 millions cubic meters of water. The
water is transferred by two transfer lines, with the length of 25
and 45 kilometers, to refineries No. 1 and 2 and after refinement
enters the distribution network. But from now on, the water from
Kardeh dam is supposed to be refined in refinery No. 2 and then
enter the water distribution system. The empty capacity of refinery
No. 1 will be used for a new purpose.
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Company History
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Like organizations, the official organization was
established very small and simple to be able to grant the needs of
its time. Then, by civil development and population increase, this
servicing unit developed and became the complex organization it is
today.
The first center, called Miah, started to work in 1307 as
a part of the Ministry in order to rent, take possession of the
subterranean canals and their maintenance to provide drinking water.
In 1320, its name changed to Dayereh Mirabi, and in 1328, this
servicing center dug some wells in the area of underground water of
Beytol Moghaddas and the Noghan quarter and installed a water
distribution system and was able to cover some sections of the city.
In 1337, the first fundamental plan to give water to the city
started by digging 8 deep wells in Ghasem Abad and a store with the
volume of 15000 cubic meters plus a 500 millimeter transfer line
with the length of 19 kilometers, which was put into use after 5
years.
In 1342, the bureau of water providence and
distribution was separated from the Ministry and formed an
independent organization named “Water Organization of Mashhad” which
was responsible for the city water providence and distribution. In
1356, Water Organization of Mashhad and the Irrigation department of
Khorasan were mixed and became “Regional Water Company of
Khorasan”.
After enforcing the law of establishment of civil
water and waste water organizations, ratified in Dey 1369 by the
Islamic Consultative Assembly, water and waste water organization of
Khorasan was established in 1370 and finally in 1371, because of the
amount of the work and the dispersion of the cities of the
providence, water and waste water organization of Mashhad was
established.
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History of
Water Industry In Iran |
● Dam:
Rivers of Iran have mostly little water or no
water at all during the year. Therefore, in the past, some streams
were constructed to gather the extra spring water behind these
dams. They led this water to the farming fields by the help of
streams. Of the important measures taken in the past, we can name
Amir Dam in Fars that was built by Azdoddoleh Deylami in 380 of the
lunar year and the dam by Shapoor the first, the Sasani king that
changed the main direction of Karoon by the help of two water
channels detours.
● Subterranean
canal:
Providing water with the help of subterranean
canals is a characteristic of Iran. Subterranean canals are
underground channels which are dug under the alluviums and continue
to the foot of the mountain and have some openings in different
distances.
●
Underground
Water Tank:
There are so many efforts in Iran to store water
when it is plenty. Almost each house had an underground water tank
and when it was their turn for water they filled their underground
tanks and pools with the water from the subterranean canals. Among
them, the underground tank of Azdoddoleh Deylami can be mentioned
which was near Persepolice. The first settings for refining water
were built in Chaghazanbil 3300 years ago that provided the drinking
water of that city. The water from Karkheh used to reach this place
by digging a canal and then water entered a pool of 5 meter depth
and because of the pools appropriate slope, much of its mud and slum
was settled.
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History of Waste Water Repelling In Iran |
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Considering that ancient Iranians were aware of the
destructive effects of the winter rains and waste water and the
benefits of waster water system in residential buildings, they built
waste water channels in Persepolice. What used to flow from the
slopes of Rahmat Mountain was repelled by a ditch. The extra water
of the ditch and also the water gathered from the streams under the
fortifications and residential parts were led outside by underground
waste water canals.
Another example is the waste water
repelling system of Arg Goli Bam. The waste water system of this
city was mostly to control the flood-water arising from heavy
rainstorms which were very destructive in the ecological conditions
of the region. This network used to gather the domestic waste water
of the residents and transfer it. And in the end it led to a ditch
and was evacuated there.
An example of using waste water is
using the gases witch are the result of refining waste water. Among
them is the bath of sheikh Bahayee in Isfehan that its heat energy
was produced by the gases from the waste water. |
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